EXTRACURRICULAR ACTIVITIES IN GENERAL SECONDARY EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS AS A SUBJECT OF EUROPEAN SCHOLARS’ RESEARCH

Abstract

The article examines European approaches to studying extracurricular activities in schools, highlighting their critical role in fostering physical, social, cognitive, and emotional skills, addressing social inequality, and promoting the health and well-being of young people. The research encompasses several key areas: defining and classifying extracurricular activities, evaluating their impact on academic performance, socio-emotional development, and student motivation, analyzing program accessibility and barriers for vulnerable groups, such as children from low-income families or migrant backgrounds, and exploring models for integrating these activities into school life, including the “Active Schools” concept and out-of-school care programs that combine education, supervision, and leisure. The study employs a mixed-methods approach, incorporating analysis of large-scale surveys, longitudinal and quasi-experimental designs, qualitative methods such as interviews with students, parents, and teachers, and systematic reviews to synthesize findings on the effects of activities on health and social skills. Key aspects include the challenge of terminological ambiguity, which complicates comparative analysis; social inclusion policies aimed at ensuring equitable access; and the positive effects of extracurricular activities on school cohesion, the prevention of deviant behavior, and the reduction of educational disparities. Research also addresses financial and logistical barriers that limit participation for vulnerable groups, as well as organizational models such as integrated school approaches and school-community partnerships that leverage local resources and engage volunteers. For Ukraine, the article proposes integrating extracurricular activities into educational strategies, securing systemic funding, developing digital formats for remote communities, and fostering collaboration with local organizations to cultivate socially active, creative, and responsible youth, thereby enhancing their holistic development and societal engagement.