REGULATORY AND LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF STEM/STEAM EDUCATION IN VOCATIONAL EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS IN UKRAINE

Abstract

The article examines the regulatory and legal foundations for the development of STEM/STEAM education within Ukraine's vocational education system. The content and focus of the main legislative and strategic documents defining state policy in the field of vocational training modernization are examined. The essence of STEM/STEAM education is revealed as an integrated approach to developing competencies that combine scientific, technological, engineering, mathematical, and artistic components, aimed at preparing a new generation of specialists. The study provides an overview of key normative acts that ensure the implementation of the STEM/STEAM direction, including the Laws of Ukraine “On Education,” “On Vocational Education,” “On Extracurricular Education,” the Concept for the Development of Natural and Mathematical Education (STEM Education), the Action Plan for its Implementation until 2027, the Concept for the Development of Digital Competences, and relevant regulations of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine. Attention is drawn to the need to harmonize national legislation with international regulatory documents in the field of vocational education that define the priority of the STEM/STEAM-oriented approach. It has been demonstrated that the modern regulatory and legal framework in Ukraine reflects global trends in educational reform, aiming to ensure the quality of training, innovation, and technological flexibility in educational programs. Particular attention is paid to the role of digital transformation as a catalyst for implementing STEM/STEAM education, which serves not only as a tool for updating learning content but also as a factor in shaping a new culture of professional activity. The article emphasizes the importance of creating institutional and legal mechanisms to support cross-sectoral cooperation among education, science, and industry, which ensures the formation of a sustainable ecosystem of innovation in vocational education institutions. It is established that the current regulatory framework creates legal prerequisites for the development of innovative educational practices, but requires improvement of financing mechanisms, staffing, and monitoring of the effectiveness of state strategies. It is substantiated that the systematic updating of legal regulations in the development of STEM/STEAM education should ensure the formation of a holistic educational environment focused on technological progress, innovation, and the enhancement of vocational training quality.