ANALYSIS OF THE START TECHNIQUE IN SWIMMING

Abstract

The technique of performing starting movements is indispensable for full-fledged sports training of a swimmer. Mastering the correct technique of starting movements is integral to a swimmer's sports training. If the start is made on time and meets all the rules and technical requirements, it allows the swimmer to gain optimal speed from the beginning, which can significantly affect the result of the entire swim. The general characteristic of the technique of performing a start while swimming consists of a set of actions of the swimmer aimed at the most effective start of the swim. During the start, the swimmer uses the movements of the body, legs, and arms to obtain the maximum effort at the beginning of the swim. Important elements of the starting technique are the correct position of the body in the water, coordination of movements, the optimal angle of inclination to the water, and the accuracy of the jump from the starting block. The starting technique is determined by the correct push-off from the block and maintaining the optimal exit from the water for maximum effect on the distance. Swimming practice shows that improving the starting technique is one of the problematic links in athletes' long-term training. The start, as a whole, has its parts, so the final result depends on how effectively the swimmer performs each element of the combined action. The starting jump should be selected individually for each athlete. In this case, the anthropometric parameters of height, weight, length of arms, legs, and physique are taken into account, along with his physical capabilities, speed-strength qualities of an athlete, and anatomical and physiological features. The article analyzes the main varieties and techniques of the start in swimming and describes the correct execution of these movements. A transparent algorithm is provided for the technical execution of various types of starts in swimming. The research aims to study the features of the start in modern sports swimming and its influence on the sports results. The growing importance of the start in modern sports swimming is considered. The role of starts in modern swimming on the effectiveness of the technique of execution of starts, their types and phases of the start jump has been revealed.