PHILOSOPHICAL CONTEXT OF THE IDEA OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE IN THE VIEWS OF ANCIENT THINKERS

Abstract

The article examines the historical formation and development of the concept of "emotional intelligence" in the philosophical views of thinkers of the Ancient period. The idea of ​​emotional intelligence, which goes back to the roots of primitive society with its syncretic nature of thinking, found continuation and development in natural philosophy. In contrast to the mythical and religious worldview of primitive people, which combined a rational, sensual and emotional attitude to the surrounding world, the first natural philosophers tried to explain the origin of the Cosmos, the world, life, man and all things, guided by theoretical and logical justifications of the proposed propositions. In their philosophical searches, they repeatedly ask themselves the question: is sensuality or reason of decisive importance in knowing the world? Gradually, sensuality, emotions begin to be considered from the point of view of their effectiveness and usefulness for the mind. This became the reason for the bifurcation, and over time - the opposition of sensual and rational, emotions and reason. Emotions are positioned as the opposite of reason. In the view of the ancient Greeks, they are often viewed in a negative sense, as an obstacle on the way to rational actions. It has been established that ancient philosophy initiated the formation of a tendency towards the gradual glorification of reason (Divine and individual). As for cognitive processes, most ancient thinkers agree with the importance of sensory cognition in understanding the external world. The entire philosophical heritage of Ancient Greece and Rome is full of ideas about the relationship between the sensual and the rational, the rational as a prerequisite for the idea of emotional intelligence. They were reflected in the doctrine of cognition, of the soul, in philosophical ethics, in reflections on the importance of mind and emotions on the way to happiness, freedom and peace of mind, in attempts to reveal the nature of mind and emotions from the point of view of physiology and medicine.