CHARACTERISTICS AND ANALYSIS OF SPEECH DEVELOPMENT DISORDERS IN EARLY CHILDREN

Abstract

The article is devoted to the characteristics and analysis of disorders of speech development in young children. Every country has children with severe speech disorders who require special conditions for education and upbringing. Today, the issue of providing qualified correctional and developmental assistance to such children is very relevant. Disorders of speech development are studied in many specialties. The speech function is the main and key for the development of a child's thinking and intelligence, therefore, a violation of the formation of speech inevitably entails a delay in the development of intelligence, thinking, communication and socialization disorders, and the emergence of behavioral disorders. Disturbances in speech development can be caused by a variety of diseases that occur in general pediatric practice. One of these reasons can be disorders of the articulation apparatus, chronic otitis media leading to hearing impairment, epilepsy and epileptic encephalopathies, cerebral palsy and many other diseases.

The article highlights the problem that currently speech therapists - practitioners feel the insufficiency of developed effective methods for overcoming speech disorders in young children. In this regard, it is necessary to study disorders of expressive and impressive speech, which cover all spheres of the child's personality. In special pedagogy, there is an active search for the most optimal forms of organizing an educational and corrective-developmental environment for this category of children.

In the review of scientific literature, an analysis of data related to disorders of speech development of young children was carried out. The author analyzes the features of international and domestic classifications of speech disorders at an early age, the most common clinical variants of this pathology. At the same time, the etiology of speech development delays depending on their disease is considered.