FORMATION OF SEMANTIC ORGANIZATION OF COHERENT SPEECH EXPRESSION IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN WITH SPEECH IMPAIRMENT

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of the semantic organization of coherent speech in children of late preschool age with speech impairment; we explore characteristics, regularities, and conditions of the development of coherent speech (detailed speech message) in ontogenesis; we describe a mechanism of disturbance of coherent speech development in preschool children with various existing speech disorders (rhinolalia, dysarthria and expressive alalia); we describe the method and the results of an empirical study of coherent speech and the state of the semantic organization of speech expression in children with speech impairment; we analyze the mechanisms of the emergence of disorders inhibiting reception and semantic processing of speech information, semantic organization of dialogic and monologic in preschool children; we describe in detail the main mistakes and difficulties of children in performing diagnostic tasks; we identify and describe the typologies of speech disorders in children with speech impairment, detected at all stages of their modeling of reproductive and arbitrary forms of coherent monologic speech, and at the stage of decoding hidden meaning in text. In particular: motivational-regulatory, semantic, lexical-grammatical and sensorimotor disorders; we prove that sensorimotor disorders that are diagnosed in most children lead to difficulties in the semantic organization of coherent speech expression; we describe and justify methods of corrective pedagogical influence which are grounded on the use of traditional techniques of speech therapy and the employment of modern psycholinguistic and neuropsychological tools. we propose a sensorimotor correction technique aimed at overcoming speech disorders based on the formation of kinesthetic and kinetic organization of movements, the step-by-step development of phonemic perception, operations of sound analysis, and synthesis of words; we summarize the results of the conducted study.